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Page 3 of 5 Since 1995, combustion and fuel technology has experiences advances; catalytic converter has decreased drastically the pollution from emission gasses. Yet, the decrease of anthropogenic CO2 emission, greenhouse gas emission, is still a big challenge the saving of energy such as by hybrid vehicles and even further by Fuel Cell with hydrogen based propulsion system could become a competitive alternative. It the demand for environmental preservation is seen as more important to alternative fuel target, the natural gas, gas to liquid fuel bio fuels and hydrogen would become an alternative.
Indonesia as an economy with the fourth largest population in the world, with the wealth of natural resources needs to identify it's position so that it could take advantage in the globalization of automotive industry in the coming decade and also to prevent inefficiency.
The national oil company, Pertamina, is very aware that through letters from the ministry of Energy and Oil Resources number 2871/2002, and number 4069/2002 dated 23 December 2002, has determined that gasoline are required to be lead free at the latest by 31 December 2004, also based on Regulation number 22/2001 on the assignment of the government on the supply and distribution of domestic fuel will end after 23 November 2005. Therefore Pertamina will not be the only company working in the end sector, also the supply of PSO category fuel could also be dune by companies other than pertamina. In the view of business strategy, Pertamina will enter the business of Branded High Quality Fuel, yet the distribution and the availability of the quantity will look at the economic principle and does not guarantee its availability in all of Indonesia. In deciding the specification of fuel available in Indonesia, Pertamina is expected to still consider engine technology of WWFC Category 2 Fuel and specification brought forth by AAF (Asian Automotive Federation).
The Automotive Federation has introduced the determination of fuel specification in accordance to the Asean Automotive Federation (AAF) standardization, which if compared to the WWFC Category 2 specification will seem moderate. Concerning the use of additive in motor vehicle fuel, the Automotive Federation does not recommend, because from research data it is shown that fuel efficiency has gone down, emission of poisonous gas has increased, and damages to vehicle component such as spark plug electrode, and also the stacking up of deposit on the combustion chamber and the clogging up of the catalytic converter. Concerning the realization of Ministry of Environment Decision number 141 year 2003 on the established emission gas quality of motor vehicle, the Automotive Federation expects that MIGAS and Pertamina as the largest supplier of Fuel in Indonesia could form a commitment so that the EURO 2 emission standard could still be applied In determining the specification of motor vehicle fuel, MIGAS needs to consider the development of motor vehicle engine technology, regulations on the environment, the development of International fuel specification, the ability of domestic fuel producer and the buying ability of the people. In PSO category fuel, price is determined by the government through a Presidential Decree; meanwhile non-PSO refers to the market mechanism. In the supply of fuel, it should also consider Biofuel for which Indonesia has entered the phase of making a technical standardization, and it is expected that in the specification of fuel, Indonesia still refers to the International fuel standard for Automotive.
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